The invention discloses a cell aligning substrate, which comprises a substrate. The cell aligning substrate further comprises a light shading element and a photosensitive sensing layer which are arranged on the substrate, wherein the photosensitive sensing layer is located at the side, which faces towards the substrate, of the light shading element, the photosensitive sensing layer comprises at least one photosensitive sensor unit, the photosensitive sensor unit can detect visible light signals and can convert the detected visible light signals into electric signals which correspond to the light intensity of the visible light signals, and the light shading element can block light from penetrating through the light shading element to irradiate onto the photosensitive sensor unit. The invention further discloses a display panel and a display device. The cell aligning substrate provided by the invention not only can serve as terminal equipment for receiving light signals, but also can be used for displaying, thereby being wide in application.