The invention discloses a fast detection system for capsule quality. A rotary disc is located on a mounting plate and can rotate horizontally; a plurality of rotary disc through holes are formed in the rotary disc; a feeding device is used for feeding to-be-detected capsules in one-to-one correspondence to the rotary disc through holes; a detection device is used for detecting the quality of each of the to-be-detected capsules; a removing device is used for removing unqualified to-be-detected capsules out of the corresponding rotary disc through holes; a discharging device is used for discharging qualified to-be-detected capsules out of the corresponding rotary disc through holes; a locating device is used for locating the rotary disc and removing locating of the rotary disc; and the feeding device, the detection device, the removing device and the discharging device are successively arranged around the rotating center of circle of the rotary disc in the rotating direction of the rotary disc. The system disclosed by the invention feeds, detects, removes and discharges the to-be-detected capsules through the feeding device, the detection device, the removing device and the discharging device, so that a purpose of fast detection of capsule quality (index detection such as the maximum diameter, roundness, air bubbles or no air bubbles) is achieved.