Provided, in the embodiments of the present application, are a resource allocation method and device. The method comprises: acquiring a plurality of network parameters of a plurality of different communication networks; obtaining matching degrees of the different communication networks to different services according to the plurality of network parameters; respectively selecting transmission streams of service transmission for different services according to the matching degrees to obtain a matching result of the communication networks, the transmission streams and the services; creating an optimization model used by the different communication networks for performing resource allocation for different services according to the matching result; and iteratively optimizing the resource allocation to different services by different communication networks by using the optimizing model to obtain a resource allocation result having the minimum communication network energy consumption, lowest bandwidth cost and largest service utility function, and performing resource allocation according to the optimized resource allocation result. The method provided in the embodiments of the present application can implement effective resource scheduling and management, and improve spectrum use efficiency and resource utilization rate.