The invention discloses a hole collapse and shrinkage prevention bidirectional spiral extrusion and expansion drilling tool and a construction technology thereof. The bottom end of a drill stem is connected with a bidirectional spiral extrusion and expansion drill bit, the top end is provided with a connection part, a steel protection sleeve is arranged outside the drill stem, the steel protection sleeve is connected with the drill stem through a flange plate, and a centering support is arranged on the outer wall of the drill stem to have a stable support function on the steel protection sleeve. The hole collapse and shrinkage prevention bidirectional spiral extrusion and expansion drilling tool is possible in technology, simple in structure, economical and practical; when the drilling tool is applied to construction of spiral soil squeezing cast-in-place piles, the steel protection sleeve can synchronously descend or rise along with the drill bit, the lateral walls of pile holes can be timely and rigidly protected after extrusion and expansion are finished and before pulp materials are compressed and poured; thus, the hole collapse and shrinkage phenomenon is avoided, and the pile forming quality of the spiral soil squeezing cast-in-place piles is improved; the hole collapse and shrinkage prevention bidirectional spiral extrusion and expansion drilling tool is suitable for varieties of complex stratums including silt and soft clay.