The invention discloses a potential-game-based cooperative data distribution joint channel selection method, which comprises the following steps: all equipment in a system randomly selects a channel; each user calculates own energy consumption on the channel according to conditions of other users on the same channel; the user randomly selects a new channel, and calculates current energy consumption; the user resides on the current channel at a probability p, and returns to the channel selected last time with a probability p'; a steady state is achieved after continuous iteration. By a distributed algorithm, a proper channel transfer probability is set, so that the user can select a proper channel, and energy convergence can be realized.