The invention discloses an agricultural capstan structure, which includes a frame board (1). A track wheel group (2) is mounted on the bottom of the frame board (1). Hydraulic telescoping cylinders (3) are installed on the four corners of the bottom of the frame board (1). A support foot (4) is installed on a piston shaft end of each hydraulic telescoping cylinder (3). A hydraulic capstan is disposed above the frame board (1). One side of the hydraulic capstan is rotationally connected to and matched with one side edge of the frame board (1). A driving apparatus is disposed between the hydraulic capstan and the frame board (1). The agricultural capstan structure is simple and is convenient to use, and can be used for driving a related sowing apparatus even without an agricultural machine. Because the sowing apparatus is light in total weight, compared with farm tractors, the agricultural capstan structure can prevent a problem of soil caking.