The invention discloses a prestress cylindrical foundation capable of replacing anchor bolts. The prestress cylindrical foundation comprises a hollow concrete column body formed by reinforced concrete; a lower anchor plate is mounted between an inner template and an outer template at the bottom of the concrete column body; an upper anchor plate corresponding to the lower anchor plate is arranged at the top of the concrete column body; multiple anchor bolts penetrating through the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate are embedded in the concrete column body; the upper ends of the anchor bolts are fixed through upper nuts; the anchor bolts are coated with rigid sleeves for isolating concrete; two ends of the rigid sleeves are tightly connected to the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate; the lower ends of the anchor bolts penetrate through the lower anchor plate, and are in threaded connection with isolation caps integrally arranged for isolating the concrete; and opening ends of the isolation caps are tightly connected with the lower anchor plate. The prestress cylindrical foundation adopts the integrated isolation caps, and improves the structural form of sealing modules to achieve the advantages of cost reduction and convenience for replacement.