The invention discloses an ice auger acoustic logging instrument provided with fiber bragg gratings, and belongs to the technical field of ice layer drilling and logging. The logging instrument used for detecting drill hole wall ice layer physical and mechanical performance through a fiber bragg grating dynamic acoustic wave method is composed of a connecting component, an ultrasonic transmitter, an ultrasonic detecting component, an outer pipe (4) and a sealing end cover (13). The ice auger acoustic logging instrument provided with the fiber bragg gratings can be used for dynamically monitoring and recording hole wall ice layer physical and mechanical parameters, has the advantages of being high in test precision, long in transmitting distance and not prone to being interfered by electromagnetism, and can stably operate in a cryogenic environment of minus 60 DEG C in the Antarctic Pole.