The invention provides a subway station main body structure support system construction process monitoring system and relates to the field of intelligent monitoring. The subway station main body structure support system construction process monitoring system comprises a strain monitoring system, a support deformation monitoring system and an onsite monitoring system, wherein the strain monitoring system comprises multiple strain sensors, the support deformation monitoring system comprises multiple electronic total stations, the output ends of the electronic total stations are connected with the input end of a computer through a shielding line, the onsite monitoring system comprises multiple pick-up heads, the output ends of the pick-up heads are connected with the input end of the computer through a shielding line, and the computer is connected with an RAM, an MRAM, a database and a data analysis module. According to the invention, stress and deformation conditions of a construction formation process and a construction field are monitored in real time through the strain monitoring system, the support deformation monitoring system and the onsite monitoring system, and corresponding adjustment is performed, such that the safety of a construction process and the accuracy of construction formation are guaranteed.