The invention provides a multifunctional movable retaining wall test device comprising a model box and a movable retaining wall. Displacement control screw mechanisms are arranged on the upper and lower parts of the front end of a model box frame. At least one row of auxiliary bearing screw mechanisms is arranged in the middle of the front end of the model box frame. Bearing seats are arranged in a pitch rotation way at positions of the movable retaining wall corresponding to through holes. A bearing used for inserting and fixing a corresponding displacement control screw is arranged inside each bearing seat. Grooves used for being in movable insertion fit with auxiliary bearing screws are arranged at positions of the movable retaining wall corresponding to auxiliary bearing nuts. According to the multifunctional movable retaining wall test device of the invention, through multi-stage alternate fine adjustment, namely, adjusting the auxiliary bearing screws first and then adjusting the displacement control screws and repeating the steps, test of different displacements and displacement modes needed is realized. The multifunctional movable retaining wall test device can realize active and passive earth pressure test, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, multiple functions, and good use effect.