The invention discloses a distributed power supply and demand side response resource combined optimization operation method. The optimal planning cavity and position of distributed power supplies are determined by adopting a two-level optimization algorithm with the investment cost and the operation cost acting as optimization targets; the upper optimization is nonlinear planning, and the decision content is the capacity and the position of the distributed power supplies and the capacity of demand side response resources; lower optimization is linear planning, and the decision content is the output of the demand side response resources and calling of the demand side response resources; and upper optimization is solved by adopting a genetic algorithm, and lower optimization is solved by adopting optimization software. The problem of distributed power supply planning is enabled to be more complete and comprehensive, and solving speed is accelerated so that calculation time is greatly saved, and the method is suitable for multimode distribution network planning.