The invention discloses a synchronous construction method for horizontal and vertical structures of a super high-rise building. According to the synchronous construction method, a hydraulic creeping formwork system is adopted on the outer wall of the super high-rise building, and a jacking platform system is adopted between two building walls on the inner side of the super high-rise building; when being operated at the same time, the two systems can replace a conventional overall jacking construction platform as a construction platform, thereby reducing the overall weight of a construction platform and the burden of a hydraulic jacking system, achieving higher flexibility, and improving the construction speed; as the light-weight jacking platform system is configured, a small-sized oil cylinder can be adopted; accordingly, no horizontal supporting steel beam is needed, oil cylinder climbing can be achieved as long as wall-attached embedded parts are mounted on the building walls, the total height of the construction platform and a supporting frame body can be reduced, the construction gap between the vertical and horizontal structures can be narrowed, and the construction of the horizontal structure can be prevented from being influenced by a hydraulic climbing system; and the jacking platform system adopted on the inner wall of the super high-rise building is prevented from penetrating through the building walls, and the gap between the construction platform and a reinforcing bar colligation operation surface is equal to the height of one floor, thereby achieving convenient reinforcing bar transfer and colligation.