The invention relates to an underground information acoustic wave signal generating system which comprises an upper connector and an instrument bin protecting cylinder connected with one end of the upper connector. A transducer protecting cylinder, an instrument bin and a detecting instrument standby connecting pipe which are sequentially connected are installed in the instrument bin protecting cylinder. One end of the transducer protecting cylinder is matched with the upper connector. The end, connected with the detecting instrument standby connecting pipe, of the instrument bin is connected with one end of the instrument bin protecting cylinder. A transducer is installed in the transducer protecting cylinder. A transducer driving circuit, a transcoding circuit and an encoding circuit which are sequentially connected are arranged in the instrument bin. Normal drilling is ensured, the aim of converting collected shaft bottom drilling information into sound wave signals to be send is achieved, noise interference resistance is strong, the real-time and accuracy conversion of drilling information can be achieved, and the application range is wide.