The invention provides a crude oil dispatching and production scheduling method and a crude oil dispatching and production scheduling system. The crude oil dispatching and production scheduling method comprises the steps of acquiring crude oil blending ratio parameters and crude oil dispatching and production scheduling parameters; establishing a crude oil blending ratio calculation model, and acquiring a crude oil blending ratio according to the crude oil blending ratio calculation model and the crude oil blending ratio parameters, thereby completing optimal setting of a limited configurable crude oil blending ratio, and reducing production cost of oil refining enterprises; establishing a crude oil dispatching and production scheduling optimization model, and generating a crude oil dispatching and production scheduling scheme according to the crude oil dispatching and production scheduling optimization model, the crude oil blending ratio and the crude oil dispatching and production scheduling parameters; and finally generating a crude oil dispatching and production scheduling plan report according to the crude oil blending ratio and the crude oil dispatching and production scheduling scheme, and issuing the crude oil dispatching and production scheduling plan report to workshops for execution. Therefore, the accuracy, executability and working efficiency of crude oil dispatching and production scheduling are improved.