The invention discloses an environment-friendly dust collection mechanism for a plate material. The environment-friendly dust collection mechanism comprises a rack, wherein two side plates on the left and right are fixed on the top plate of the rack; the front part and the rear part of the outer side wall of each of the two side plates are separately fixedly provided with a connection plate; two ends of a transmission screw rod are hinged to the two connection plates of one side plate; two ends of a guiding rod are fixed onto the two connection plates of the other side plate; a left connection block is connected to the transmission screw through threads; a right connection block is arranged on the guiding rod in an inserted and sleeving manner; multiple transmission rolls are located between the two side plates; two ends of each transmission roll are hinged to the two side plates; a driving motor is arranged on the connection plate which is hinged to one end of the transmission screw rod; the output shaft of the driving motor is a spline shaft; the spline shaft is inserted into a spline hole in one end of the transmission screw rod; dust on the surface of the plate material can be sucked in time; operation personnel can be prevented from inhaling the dust; and the effect is good.