The invention discloses a device for detecting an iron-printed character on an ampoule bottle. The device for detecting the iron-printed character on the ampoule bottle comprises an image collecting and treating device, an ampoule bottle rotating device and an air gun, wherein the image collecting and treating device is connected with the air gun; an air outlet of the air gun is aligned with an assembly line chain of a production line for the ampoule bottle; the ampoule bottle rotating device is used for rotating the ampoule bottle for a preset angle; the image collecting and treating device is used for detecting the image feature of a bottle body of the ampoule bottle which is currently rotated by the ampoule bottle rotating device, and sending a working signal to the air gun when detecting that the image feature of the bottle body of the ampoule bottle does not meet a preset requirement; the air gun is used for blowing the ampoule bottle, of which the image feature on the bottle body does not meet the preset requirement, down the assembly line chain of the production line for the ampoule bottle. By using the device for detecting the iron-printed character on the ampoule bottle, the character on the bottle body of the ampoule bottle can be automatically recognized whether to have a problem or not; the character is removed; thus, the production efficiency is improved; the production cost is decreased. The invention also discloses a production system for the ampoule bottle.