The invention discloses a clustered measuring and control device with a centralized type backup function and a data recognition function. The clustered measuring and control device comprises a shell body, a high-speed bus back panel, a liquid crystal display screen, a power supply plug-in, a first measuring and control function board card, a second measuring and control function board card and a process layer board card, wherein the process layer board card is used for acquiring a process layer message through an optical port, analyzing data in the message and sending the data to the first measuring and control function board card and the second measuring and control function board card through a high-speed bus; the first measuring and control function board card and the second measuring and control function board card are used for calculating the collected data, sending a calculated effective value to a station control layer network through an Ethernet port, analyzing the effective value and putting the data to a corresponding bit zone so as to finish the data recognition function; and GPS (Global Positioning System) time-setting ports in the first measuring and control function board card and the second measuring and control function board card are used for accurately setting time of the device. According to the clustered measuring and control device, 30 sets of virtual measuring and control devices can be operated at the same time, so that the backup function of a whole-station measuring and control device of a transformer substation is realized and the integration degree of secondary equipment of the transformer substation is improved; the working amount of an engineering design is simplified and the occupied area of the secondary equipment is reduced; and meanwhile, an accurate data source subjected to data recognition and judgment can be provided for an electric power automatic system.