The invention discloses an autologous transfusion device of intestine contents after small intestine double-cavity coloproctia operation. The autologous transfusion device comprises an autologous transfusion device body which penetrates into a small intestine; the autologous transfusion device body comprises a pipe body made of an elastic material; a drop-proof air bag fixedly sleeves the external circumference of each of parts, close to two ends, of the pipe body; a plurality of annular first elastic bags and second elastic bags, which are fixed on an inner pipe wall, are arranged on the inner pipe wall of the pipe body along the axial direction; check valves are arranged between the first elastic bags and the second elastic bags; first connecting pipes penetrate into the first elastic bags; the first connecting pipes are provided with first branch pipes in cavities of the first elastic bags; second connecting pipes penetrate into the second elastic bags; the second connecting pipes are provided with second branch pipes in cavities of the second elastic bags. The autologous transfusion device disclosed by the invention has the following advantage that small intestine fluid, which is lost at a rear-end small intestine anastomosis and comprises digestive fluid and nutrient substances, can be recycled; and a far-end small intestine and colorectum recover functions as soon as possible and the atrophy of intestinal glands is reduced.