The invention discloses a tray conveying system capable of achieving positioning and deviation rectifying, and belongs to the field of automation warehouse logistics. According to the tray conveying system capable of achieving positioning and deviation rectifying, an identifying system is used for carrying out deviation rectifying and positioning on trays, and safe conveying of the trays of multiple specifications on the same conveying line is achieved. According to the tray conveying system capable of achieving positioning and deviation rectifying in the technical scheme, the trays move between a cargo input roller type conveyor and a chain type conveyor through a first lifting roller type machine and move between the chain type conveyor and a cargo output roller type conveyor through a second lifting roller type machine, a first deviation rectifying lifting limiting plate is located on the outer side of the first lifting roller type machine, a second deviation rectifying lifting limiting plate is located on an outlet of the second lifting roller type machine, deviation rectifying sensors are arranged on the two sides of the deviation rectifying lifting limiting plates, the input ends of the deviation rectifying lifting limiting plates are connected with the output end of a controller, and the output ends of the deviation rectifying sensors are connected with the input end of the controller.