The invention relates to an automatic identification method of a yarn-dyed fabric weave, and the automatic identification method belongs to the field of image identification. The automatic identification method provided by the invention comprises the steps of subjecting front and back double-sided images of yarn-dyed fabric to image registration, performing color-space conversion, self-adaptive filtering and denoising, weave point grid initialization, weave point grid correction and weave point template image establishment on the image of each side in sequence, carrying out weave point attribute identification and an initial weave diagram generation, correcting weave point attributes, fusing warp weave points in a corrected double-sided weave diagram to obtain yarn-dyed warp arrangement diagram, fusing weft weave points in the corrected double-sided weave chart to obtain yarn-dyed weft arrangement diagram, reconstructing a color-and-weave effect diagram of the yarn-dyed fabric, and realizing automatic identification of the yarn-dyed fabric weave. The automatic identification method of the yarn-dyed fabric weave solves the problem of affecting precision of fabric weave identification since the weave and color information of the fabric is difficult to identify precisely by utilizing a single-sided image of the fabric in the prior art.