The invention discloses a method for preparing a graphene-like material from furfural resin. By a pyrolytic method, cyclically reproducible and degradable biological resin furfural resin obtained by using a plant as a raw material is treated by a specific pyrolytic process under the action of an additive and a curing agent, and the graphene-like material is prepared and obtained. By a technical scheme provided by the invention, the graphene-like material which is of a hexagonal or pentagonal reticular two-dimensional and three-dimensional crystal structure is obtained; as a specific atomic structure has ultrahigh mechanical strength which can be compared favorably with that of graphene and excellent performance which surpasses that of the graphene, the application of the graphene-like material not only can replace a graphene material in the fields of thermal insulation materials, cushion materials, electronic and mechanical devices, and the like, but also solves a major difficult problem that puzzles a graphene lithium battery material; the graphene-like material is particularly suitably used as a material for electrodes of a lithium metal battery and a lithium ion battery. The low-cost and large-batch production of the graphene-like material can be realized by the preparation method; the material is applied in batches, and has obvious economic benefit.