The invention discloses a method for measuring a transformer protection vector by controlling the phase and the amplitude of two paths of current. The method comprises the steps that current is simultaneously piped into to the primary side of the CT of the two sides of a transformer under the condition of disconnection of the circuit breakers and the isolation switches of the two sides of the transformer; the size and the phase of the two paths are adjusted so that the size and the phase are enabled to be consistent with the actual load current ratio and the phase of the two connecting sides of the transformers; and A-phase, B-phase and C-phase current is added to the two sides, the current phase of differential protection of the transformer is detected to be consistent with the phase of the added primary current and differential current is zero. According to the method for measuring the transformer protection vector by controlling the phase and the amplitude of two paths of current, current is added to the two sides of the transformer so that the test equipment is enabled to be small in capacity, low in weight, easy to operate, less in investment and high in efficiency, and determination of the phase of the transformer protection device can be completed before production. Temporary protection is not additionally required in power transmission of the line so that operation can be reduced without changing the operation mode, manpower and material resource input can be reduced and safe operation of the power grid can be enhanced.