The invention discloses a constitution and operation method of an infrastructure management operation and maintenance system. The constitution and operation method comprises the steps of: establishing an infrastructure state online database, wherein the entire infrastructure is divided into seven states of storage standby, not put-into-operation, in operation, ex-service, field retention, to-be-scrapped and scrapped, and a database is established for the equipment in each state; and carrying out operation and maintenance management, wherein online data of the equipment in the seven states is updated in respective database according to actual situations of offline patrol inspection during the actual daily operation and maintenance process, so as to ensure that the offline data and the online data are consistent. The constitution and operation method has the advantages that the patrol inspection workload can be effectively reduced, the real-time information is convenient to acquire, the worksheet does not need to be transmitted by the operation and maintenance personnel, thus the consistency of problem treatment is kept, the possibility of repeated data entry is reduced, the operation and maintenance efficiency of equipment management and maintenance is greatly improved, and the consistency of the offline data and the online data is ensured.