The invention relates to the technology of road traffic condition monitoring, and aims at providing a method for dynamically dividing a highway segment based on mobile signaling. The method comprises the steps: obtaining a vertical mapping point of a base station on a highway; collecting and classifying cellphone signaling events, and carrying out the statistic analysis and gathering of the number of mobile signaling users at one base station mapping point on the highway at one moment; and generating a highway segment. The method takes the highway and the vertical mapping of the position of the base station as the basis, and dynamically divides the highway segment, meeting the real-time road condition monitoring requirements, based on cellphone signaling through the analysis of the number of cellphone signaling events and the number of users. The method solves problems that some road segments is not covered by the base station or the number of signaling event users is low and the real-time road condition of the segment cannot be analyzed. An obtained dynamic road segment dividing result can be used for a highway operation monitoring system based on cellphone signaling, and can be used for analyzing the real-time traffic condition of different segments of a highway.