Provided is a large-mining-height multi-roller coal cutter adopting layered mining. A coal cutting roller part is mainly composed of two end rollers and middle rollers. The two end rollers, rockers of the end rollers and height-adjusting oil cylinder mechanisms are fixed to sliding blocks, and the sliding blocks are connected to a cutter body of the coal cutter through guide rails and can be driven by oil cylinders to slide on the guide rails in a reciprocating mode in the propelling direction of the coal cutter. The two end rollers slide in the propelling direction of the coal cutter in a reciprocating mode, an adjustable height difference is formed between end faces of the two end rollers in the propelling direction, the end face of the front end roller is close to the front side in the propelling direction of the coal cutter, and the end face of the rear end roller is close to the rear side in the propelling direction of the coal cutter. The middle rollers are composed of continuous-mining type up-down rollers, the rotating axis of the middle rollers is in the vertical direction, the middle rollers can be driven by oil cylinders to reciprocate in the vertical direction along with cantilevers to effectively cut a middle coal seam, and the cutting depth of the middle rollers is the intermediate value of the cutting depths of the end faces of the front and rear end rollers. Stairway-shaped steps in the propelling direction of a scraper conveyer can be formed in a thick coal seam, and damage of the wall caving phenomenon to a fully-mechanized coal mining face during thick coal seam mining is reduced.