The embodiment of the invention provides a fault current limiting device and relates to the field of high-voltage electrical apparatuses. The operation loss can be reduced. According to the specific scheme, the fault current limiting device comprises k current limiting units, a fuse and two terminals, wherein k is greater than or equal to 1; the k current limiting units are connected in series and then connected with the fuse in parallel; the two terminals are led out from two ends of the fuse; and each current limiting unit comprises a current limiting impedor and a high-speed vacuum switch which are connected in parallel. The fault current limiting device is used for inhibiting short circuit current.