The invention relates to the field of laser marking and especially relates to an estimation method of laser marking technological parameters needed by aluminum ingot identification marked on the surface of an aluminum ingot by use of laser, for improving the marking effect and the marking efficiency. The estimation method of the laser marking technological parameters, brought forward by the invention, comprises the following steps: performing an equal-level multi-factor orthogonal test on an aluminum ingot to be marked and recording multiple groups of test data; establishing a calculation model equation shown in the descriptions of an image gray-scale value G of a marking image, wherein bi(i=0,1,2,3), b4, b5, ..., b9 and b10 are fitting coefficients; according to the test data of the equal-level multi-factor orthogonal test, obtaining values of the fitting coefficients through fitting; and according to a target function G<150, estimating the laser marking technological parameters. By use of the estimation method of the laser marking technological parameters, the laser marking technological parameters can be estimated according to the image gray-scale value needed by marking and can be directly applied to laser marking, and the laser marking effect, the efficiency and the automatic identification rate of the marking image are improved.