The invention discloses a strip head positioning and clamping device for an optical cable longitudinal packing steel strip or aluminum strip automatic welding device. The strip head positioning and clamping device is fixed on an operation platform of the automatic welding device, and comprises a strip head positioning electric cylinder, an inclined moving baseplate and an L-shaped transverse moving baseplate; the strip head positioning electric cylinder is fixed on the operation platform, and an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the axis thereof and the center line of a production line; the inclined moving baseplate is fixed on the strip head positioning electric cylinder; the inclined moving baseplate is fixed with a rodless cylinder parallel to the center line of the production line; and the L-shaped transverse moving baseplate is fixed on the rodless cylinder, and is driven by the rodless cylinder to move parallel to the center line of the production line. The strip head positioning and clamping device serves as an important component of the automatic welding device to accurately finish positioning and shearing of longitudinal packing steel strip or aluminum strip heads in the optical cable outer sheath production process so as to improve the welding efficiency and quality.