The invention discloses a mold core taking and placing machine and a mold core taking and placing method thereof. The mold core taking and placing machine comprises a stand column; a cylinder and a linear guide rail are arranged on the stand column; the linear guide rail is provided with a slide base driven by the cylinder to slide on the linear guide rail; and the slide base is provided with an upper air nozzle connected with an air pump for sucking an upper mold core on the lower side and upwards moving to take out the upper mold core through the slide base. The taking and the placing of the upper mold core are driven to finish by a simple mechanism without needing manual matching or more complex and more precise equipment; and the taking and placing position error can be controlled within 2-4 microns to achieve the expected effect.