The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant carbon fiber resin-based composite material used for a pump. The corrosion-resistant carbon fiber resin-based composite material comprises, by weight, 12-30 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene resin, 10-20 parts of phenolic epoxy resin, 5-8 parts of fluorocarbon resin, 3-8 parts of carbon fibers, 0.5-1.5 parts of 1,6-hexanediol, 0.1-0.5 part of nano titania, 0.1-0.5 part of nano silica and 5-10 parts of auxiliaries. The provided corrosion-resistant carbon fiber resin-based composite material used for the pump is good in mechanical property, high in specific strength, large in specific modulus and good in fatigue resistance and impact resistance; a product prepared through the composite material is easy to process and form, good in product quality and long in service life; and the composite material is simple in preparation method, low in production cost and worthy of popularizing.