The invention relates to a reservoir configuration structure description method, and belongs to a field of petroleum and gas exploration and development. The method utilizes a reservoir configuration structure characteristic parameter of a target reservoir, divides a reservoir configuration structure body of all single wells in the target reservoir of a target area into multi-stage reservoir configuration structure bodies, according to a stable mudstone mark developed on top of the target reservoir, establishes reservoir connection relations of the multi-stage reservoir structure bodies among wells, which represent the covered target reservoir, and quantitatively describes target the reservoir configuration structure characteristic. The method has the advantage of high accuracy and has an important guiding significance for oil deposit fine development.