The invention discloses a variable frequency refrigerating compressor load starting and operation performance test system, consisting of devices under test, a substitutive refrigerating subsystem and a measurement and control subsystem. The devices under test include a refrigerating compressor under test and a matched variable frequency driver under test, the substitutive refrigerating subsystem includes a station refrigeration operation part, a refrigerant adding part and a vacuumization part which are connected through a pipeline, and the measurement and control subsystem includes a hardware system and application software. The variable frequency refrigerating compressor load starting and operation performance test system provided by the invention tests the devices under test by adoption of a method combining the substitutive refrigerating subsystem with the measurement and control subsystem, in a starting stage, whether the compressor controlled by the variable frequency driver under test can be normally started in a specified working condition is tested, and in an operation stage, various operation data of the compressor in the specified working condition and the working state of the matched variable frequency driver under test are tested, thereby bringing great effects to variable frequency refrigerating compressor design and production.