The invention discloses a dyeing and decoloration method of two-dimensinal electrophoresis gel Coomassie brilliant blue for screening a saline-alkaline resistant plant material. The method comprises the first step of preparing a staining solution containing Coomassie brilliant blueR250, methyl alcohol, acetic acid and distilled water with a constant volume, uniformly blending the staining solution and still standing for 0.5-1.5 hours, filtering the staining solution and then storing the staining solution at a normal temperature for use; the second step of preparing a destaining solution containing ethyl alcohol, acetic acid and distilled water with a constant volume; the third step of using distilled water to wash two-dimensional SDS gel for 2-3 times, putting the two-dimensional SDS gel in a dyeing box, adding the staining solution into the dyeing box, using a preservative film to seal the dyeing box, and conducting dyeing on the two-dimensional SDS gel on a table concentrator for 2-3 hours at the normal temperature; the fourth step of conducting decoloration, wherein the decoloration comprises the procedures of pouring out the staining solution, using the distilled water to wash the gel for 2-4 times, adding the destaining solution, wherein the dosage of the destaining solution is 1-2 times that of the staining solution, conducting decoloration on the gel on the table concentrator for 2-3 hours at the normal temperature, and using the distilled water to wash the gel for 2-4 times. According to the dyeing and decoloration method, the method is further optimized on the basis of a routine technique method, procedures of pre-immobilization and the like are omitted, the speed of the dyeing and the decoloration is fast, and the effects of the dyeing and the decoloration are good.