The invention belongs to the technical field of particle filtering object tracking, and in particular relates to a particle filtering object tracking method based on sparse coding, aiming at providing a sparse-coding-based particle filtering object tracking method which is easy to compute and fast to track. The technical solution is the provision of a particle filtering object tracking method based on sparse coding, the method including the following steps: S101. establishing a joint object model which is based on L1-L2 constraints; S102. based on sparse coefficient, resolving the coefficient of a trifling template, finally obtaining the minimal value of the sparse coefficient of all particles and the minimal value of the coefficient of the trifling template; S103. selecting the particle having the minimum residual which serving as the position of an object; and S104. applying the result of the selected particle having the minimum residual to the tracking frame of a particle filtering object. According to the invention, the method is applicable to the field of particle filtering object tracking.