The invention discloses a solar battery test system and method. The system comprises a battery tank module, a bearing displacement platform, and a bearing displacement platform support. The battery tank module is disposed on the bearing displacement platform. The bearing displacement platform is disposed on the bearing displacement platform support, and is controlled by an X-direction transmission shaft and a first step motor on the X-direction transmission shaft to move horizontally in an X direction. The battery tank module is equipped with multiple battery holding grooves. A test electrode connected with two electrodes of a battery is arranged in each battery holding groove, and is connected with a corresponding electrode pin male connector. All the electrode pin male connectors are arranged at one side of the bearing displacement platform in the form of an array. The bearing displacement platform support is provided with a steering engine. The steering engine is provided with test connecting female joints that are connected with the electrode pin male connectors in a matching manner. The test connecting female joints are connected with a digital source meter to conduct a battery test.