The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic material analysis, and relates to an analysis method for microwave joining of ceramic materials in a multi-mode sintering cavity. According to the invention, through characteristics of grain growth, progression and interface of different joining materials obtained at different joining temperatures, factors of influencing densification of the joining materials are found out; according to distribution of a test sample in a temperature field in the process of joining, influences of a microwave electromagnetic field and thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity and the like of a material on distribution of the temperature field of the material are figured out; meanwhile, according to the distribution situation of the microwave electromagnetic field in the process of joining of the test sample, the range of uniform distribution of the microwave electromagnetic field is controlled, and influences of distribution of the microwave electromagnetic field on a microwave joining mechanism of structural ceramic are analyzed. The analysis method provided by the invention has simple process, scientific principle and precise analysis results, can accurately control the range of uniform distribution of the microwave electromagnetic field and determines the factors of influencing densification of the joining material according to analysis results, and provides a basis for preparation of a complex-shaped test sample of the structural ceramic.