The invention relates to a chaotic light field judging technology, and specifically relates to a system and a method for directly judging the photon statistical property of a chaotic light field. The problem that the existing chaotic light field judging method lacks analysis of the higher-order coherence and single-photon-level photon statistical property of a chaotic light field and fails to accurately and effectively distinguish between a chaotic light field and other light fields is solved. The system for directly judging the photon statistical property of a chaotic light field comprises a chaotic light generation device, a coherent light generation device, a hot light generation device, a quasi single photon generation device, and a detection device. The chaotic light generation device comprises a first laser, a polarization controller, a fiber circulator, an 80:20 fiber coupler, a variable attenuator, a fiber coupling output device, a first fiber coupling input device, a first spatial filter, a first fiber acousto-optic modulator, a first voltage-controlled oscillator, a first arbitrary waveform generator, a first radio-frequency switch, and a first power amplifier. The system and the method are applicable to the judgment on a chaotic light field.