The invention discloses a power grid equipment state and event time sequence relation-based switch position change cause identifying method. According to the method, correlation analysis is performed according to power grid switch equipment states, operation records, position change records and the time sequence relations of the records, so that a switch position change cause can be identified; a switch position change cause priority predefining module, a maintenance cause identifying module, a mal-operation signal identifying module, an accident position change identifying module, a remote operation identifying module and a field operation identifying module are adopted; and the position change priorities of the maintenance cause identifying module, the mal-operation signal identifying module, the accident position change identifying module, the remote operation identifying module and the field operation identifying module are sequentially decreased. Switch position change triggering causes are identified on the basis of the correlation analysis of the power grid switch equipment states, the remote operation records, the position change records and the time sequence relations of the records, and therefore, control personnel can be facilitated to eliminate noise information interference, and operation monitoring efficiency can be improved.