The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for power consumption check and allocation. A heartbeat interval of an employee is acquired, and a mental stress index is acquired according to the heartbeat interval; position information of a user terminal corresponding to the employee is also acquired, and according to the mental stress index of the employee, the position information of multiple user terminals and pre-stored position information of multiple user power receiving devices, a mapping relationship between the multiple user terminals of the employee and the multiple user power receiving devices is built; and according to the mapping relationship between the multiple user terminals and the multiple user power receiving devices, a corresponding check instruction is sent to each of the multiple user terminals, and thus, the employee corresponding to the user terminal checks the corresponding user power receiving device.