The invention discloses a computed tomography artifact correction method, comprising the steps of receiving a to-be-corrected image; carrying out artifact correction on the to-be-corrected image, thereby obtaining a first corrected image; obtaining an error image of the to-be-corrected image relative to the first corrected image; obtaining information entropy of the first corrected image according to the error image and determining the degree of introducing artifact into the first corrected image according to the information entropy; adjusting the weight of the error image according to the degree of introducing artifact into the first corrected image and removing the error image of which weight is adjusted from the to-be-corrected image, thereby obtaining a second corrected image; and carrying out self-adaption filtering processing on the to-be-corrected image and carrying out frequency segmentation and integration on the processed to-be-corrected image and the second corrected image, thereby obtaining a third corrected image. According to the method and the device provided by the invention, on the basis of the existing artifact removing method, the newly introduced artifact is effectively inhibited, and the image quality is further improved.