The invention provides a structure used for mobile phone charging. The structure includes a mobile phone cover and a mobile terminal rear shell, the mobile phone cover includes an outer layer shell, an inner layer shell, a rechargeable lithium battery, electrode plates, a control switch and a USB port, wherein a cavity is arranged between the outer layer shell and the inner layer shell; the rechargeable lithium battery is installed in the cavity; the USB port on the mobile phone cover is connected with the rechargeable lithium battery; the electrode plates consist of a positive plate and a negative plate, are fixed on the surface of the inner layer shell, and are correspondingly connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the rechargeable lithium battery through the control switch; electrode columns corresponding to the electrode plates in the mobile phone cover are arranged on the mobile phone rear shell, and are electrically connected with a mobile phone USB charging interface. According to the structure used for mobile phone charging, a charging circuit is added on the basis of an original mobile phone, the functions of the structures are that when the electric quantity of the mobile phone is small, the mobile phone can be charged through the control switch, the structural design does not make the mobile phone look bulky, at the same time a power bank does not need to be taken along, and thus convenience and rapidness are achieved.