The invention relates to a method for coating surfaces, to a corresponding coating, and to the use of the objects coated in accordance with said method. In accordance with the invention the object is achieved by a method for coating metallic surfaces of substrates that comprises or consists of the following steps: I) providing a substrate having a cleaned metallic surface, II) contacting and coating metallic surfaces with an aqueous composition in dispersion and/or suspension form, III) optionally rinsing the organic coating, and IV) drying and/or baking the organic coating or V) optionally drying the organic coating and coating it with a similar or further coating composition prior to drying and/or baking, characterized in that the coating in step II is carried out with an aqueous composition in dispersion and/or suspension form that comprises a complex fluoride, and at least one anionic polyelectrolyte is added to a nonionically or anionically/nonionically stabilized dispersion of film-forming polymers and/or to a suspension of film-forming inorganic particles and a coating forms that is based on an ionogenic gel comprising cations dissolved out of the metallic surface.