The invention provides a modification method of a ceramic membrane and a modified ceramic membrane. The modification method of the ceramic membrane comprises the following steps: performing surface treatment on the ceramic membrane to obtain a fresh ceramic membrane; coating the surface of the ceramic membrane with a silane compound through an impregnation method or a sedimentation method; performing thermal treatment on the coated ceramic membrane under a protective atmosphere, naturally cooling to obtain the modified ceramic membrane after the modification. The modification method of the ceramic membrane provided by the invention has advantages that the modification process is simple, the raw material cost is low, and secondary pollution on the environment can be avoided in the modification process; compared with the common organic modification material, the modified ceramic membrane prepared through modification has the features of high long-term stability, strong acid-base resistance, and strong hydrophobic property; and the modified ceramic membrane can be extensively applied to sea water desalinization, oil-water separation, wastewater treatment and other fields.