The invention discloses a carbon coating method suitable for preparing an electrode material by a spray drying method. The carbon coating method comprises the following steps: 1) adding a carbon coating material into deionized water to prepare carbon coating material dispersion liquid; 2) adding solid powder or a mixture for preparing a positive electrode material or a precursor of the positive electrode material into the carbon coating material dispersion liquid, and continuously stirring to form water-based slurry with corresponding solid content; 3) performing spray drying to obtain solid powder; and 4) placing the solid powder under an inertia gas atmosphere, heating at a speed of 5 to 10 DEG C/minute to 400 to 900 DEG C to perform high-temperature carbonization treatment in order to obtain an effective carbon-coated positive electrode material or a precursor of the positive electrode material. The carbon coating method suitable for preparing the electrode material by the spray drying method is used for preparing the electrode material based on the spray drying method; in a process of preparing the electrode material by the spray drying method, an effective carbon-coated layer can be formed on the surface of the electrode material; an extra preparation process is omitted; and convenience is brought to optimization of enterprise production cost.