An embodiment of the invention provides a method and apparatus of predicting the resource margin early warning for an optical communication network. The method includes the steps of obtaining resource margins of a plurality of infrastructures of an SDH optical transmission network in the optical communication network; separately determining whether the resource margin of each infrastructure meets a corresponding preset margin insufficient condition; determining the infrastructure that does not meet the corresponding preset margin insufficient condition as an infrastructure with an insufficient margin; and outputting early warning information including an identification number of the infrastructure with the insufficient margin. In this way, maintenance personnel can effectively monitor the operational risk of the SDH optical transmission network.