The invention relates to the field of planting, in particular to a chili floating seedling substrate. The substrate comprises a solid substrate and a liquid substrate, the solid substrate is located on the liquid substrate, and the solid substrate is fixed through a cell pan; the substrate is characterized in that multiple waterproof sleeves are inserted into the solid substrate, one end of each waterproof sleeve is detachably connected to the cell pan, the waterproof sleeves are filled with nutritious substrates which are prepared by mixing nutritious substrates needed by sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and chilies, a water absorption cotton tube is connected between the nutrient substrate and each waterproof sleeve in a sliding mode, multiple material spraying openings are formed in the circumferential direction of each water absorption cotton tube, and through holes allowing the water absorption cotton tubes to pass through are formed in the cell pan. According to the technical scheme, the problems that in the prior art, nutritional ingredients taken in later stage are not nonuniform in distribution, and the substrates need to be replaced frequently are solved.