The invention provides a fluorgypsum-based high-water and super high-water filling material and a preparation method thereof. The material is prepared from a component A and a component B, wherein the component A is prepared from, by weight percentage, aluminoferic cement clinker, calcium bentonite, an accelerator, a suspending agent and a thickening agent; the component B is prepared from, by weight percentage, fluorgypsum, calcium oxide, metakaolin, a compound early strength agent, the suspending agent and calcium carbonate. The material has the advantages of achieving early strength and rapid hardening and being high in water-cement ratio, adjustable in initial setting time and less in material consumption, after the component A and the component B are mixed, no bleeding happens, and the initial setting time is 3-25 minutes and can be adjusted according to field needs.