The invention discloses a visual detection method for color difference classification of photovoltaic cells. The method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring images of the photovoltaic cells, positioning the images so as to segment foregrounds and backgrounds of the images, then, extracting feature information from interesting areas to obtain color features, gray scale features, geometric shape features and the like of the images, establishing an image feature information base, and carrying out training and learning so as to achieve the color difference classification of the photovoltaic cells.