The invention relates to the field of forestry equipment, and provides a hosting machine and a tree hoisting method. The hosting machine comprises a rack chassis with a crawler type traveling mechanism, and a crane arranged on the rack chassis, wherein the crane further comprises a clamp shovel adjusting drive device arranged on the rack chassis and provided with a soil ball clamp shovel located on the rear side of the crawler type traveling mechanism. When the hoisting machine is used, the clamp shovel adjusting drive device drives the soil ball clamp shovel to clamp a soil ball, and the crane assists in hoisting a tree trunk to be stable; and the tree trunk is stable and not prone to being damaged when the hoisting machine hoists a tree.