The invention relates to a polyurethane elastic material for basketball courts and a preparation method thereof. The polyurethane elastic material for basketball courts is formed by mixing a component A and a component B in a weight ratio of 2:1. The component B is prepared from toluene diisocyanate, polyether dibasic alcohol and glycerol; and the component A is prepared from polyether tribasic alcohol, polyether dibasic alcohol, a crosslinking agent, a plasticizer, an epoxy resin, acrylate and a reinforcer. The polyurethane elastic material contains modified hollow glass microspheres; and thus, when the material is subjected to external force, hollow glass microsphere particles in the material are deformed, destroyed and the like due to stress, thereby absorbing the impact energy and enhancing the impact property; and meanwhile, crazing can be initiated to stop the crack propagation, and shear yield of the matrix can be initiated in a certain morphological structure, thereby consuming abundant impact energy, well transferring the received external force, and enhancing the compression strength, bending strength and impact strength of the matrix.